And a mother can transmit HPV to her baby during birth, but this is also uncommon. In most cases, there are no obvious symptoms, the infection resolves on its own, and women never know they had HPV. But in some cases you'll see these symptoms:. Occasionally, one of the more than 40 strains of genital HPV may cause you to develop genital warts. Some types of HPV cause the common warts you can get on your hands and feet, but genital HPV strains usually affect only the genital area.
The types of HPV that cause genital warts are called "low-risk" types. Often these changes are mild and go away on their own. Genital warts are very contagious.
Researchers estimate that about 65 percent of people who have sex with a partner with warts will end up developing warts themselves. The warts usually show up in or around your vagina and vulva, near your anus and in your rectum, on your cervix, and sometimes on the skin near the groin area.
You can also get warts in your mouth and throat from performing oral sex on an infected partner, but this is rare.
The warts are soft and skin-colored or a little lighter or darker. They can be small or large, flat or raised. There may be one or many, sometimes growing in clusters with a cauliflower-like appearance. They're usually painless, though they may occasionally itch, burn, or bleed. In about 20 percent of women, the warts go away on their own within three months.
For most other women, treatment will help to clear up the warts, though they may recur. If you have one of the so-called "high-risk strains" of HPV, it may cause more serious cell changes. These cell changes may turn into cancer - usually many years later - if you don't get the necessary treatment. HPV has been associated with cervical, vaginal, vulvar, anal, throat, and penile cancer.
High-risk strains of HPV are the cause of almost all cervical cancer. Note that these strains are not the same ones that cause genital warts. The good news is that in the vast majority of cases, the immune system keeps the virus under control or destroys it - even the high-risk strains. Most women are free of the virus within a year or two after they're diagnosed. Only a small percentage of women with HPV develop cell changes that need to be treated, and with proper screening and treatment, only rarely does HPV lead to cervical cancer or other types of genital cancer.
That's one reason it's so important for all women to get regular Pap smears and for those who have abnormalities to follow up with any necessary testing and treatment.
HPV is unlikely to affect your pregnancy or your baby's health. If you have genital warts, they may grow faster during pregnancy, possibly from the extra vaginal discharge that provides the virus with a moist growing environment, hormonal changes , or changes in your immune system.
In most cases, the warts won't pose any problems for you or your baby. It's possible for you to pass the virus to your baby, but this doesn't happen very often. Even if your child does contract HPV, they are likely to overcome it on their own without any symptoms or problems.
If your child gets the type of HPV that causes genital warts, they may develop warts on their vocal cords and other areas sometime in infancy or childhood.
This condition, called recurrent papillomatosis, is rare but very serious. You may be screened during pregnancy for HPV, depending on your age and the timing of your last Pap smear.
Most women find out they have the virus if they develop warts or if they have a Pap smear. Since , American cervical cancer screening guidelines have included HPV testing as a part of routine screening for women aged 30 and older. When you get a Pap test, your practitioner has the option of performing a pap smear, HPV testing, or both called co-testing.
Depending on the kind of test you had done, if your results are normal, you will have a follow up test in 3 or 5 years. For women aged 21 through 29, HPV testing is only performed in the case of an abnormal Pap smear result. DOI: Nasare Published 29 January Medicine Young women are at the maximum risk of human papilloma virus HPV infection which are asymptomatic in a majority of cases and spontaneously get cleared.
Women in the age between 20 and 35 years are more active sexually and especially in the developing nations, this age group forms a major cohort among the population of pregnant women. The changed hormonal milieu and immune response during pregnancy might favor presence or persistence of HPV infection, while at the same time natural clearance… Expand.
View via Publisher. Save to Library Save. Create Alert Alert. Share This Paper. Figures and Topics from this paper. Murine sarcoma viruses. Citation Type. Has PDF. In the follow-up, women acted as their own controls, i.
HPV16 and 18 were detected in 8. At follow-up new HPV infections were detected in
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